Struck-byOSHA Focus Four

Falling and overhead objects

Tools, materials, and debris that fall from above and strike workers below. 1926.501(c) requires hard hats plus toeboards, screens, guardrails, a canopy, or a barricaded area when workers are exposed to falling objects.

Where it shows up

  • Work above an occupied level
  • Material stacked near slab edges
  • Tools dropped from lifts and scaffolds
  • Demolition and debris chutes

Controls, most effective first

Work down the list. Rely on PPE only for the risk the controls above it cannot remove.

LevelControl
Eliminate or substituteSchedule work so crews are not working directly above one another
EngineeringToeboards, screens, or debris netting along edges
Tool lanyards and tethered buckets at height
Canopies over entrances and walkways
AdministrativeBarricade and sign the drop zone below overhead work
Keep materials away from edges, or secure them
Coordinate overhead work at the daily huddle
PPEHard hat for everyone in the area

PPE to list on the JHA

Hard hat1926.100Safety glasses with side protection1926.102

OSHA standards

CitationTitle
29 CFR 1926.501(c)Protection from falling objects
29 CFR 1926.502(j)Protection from falling objects (criteria)
29 CFR 1926.100Head protection

Federal OSHA construction standards. State plans can be stricter, and owners or contracts can add requirements. This page is general information. Check the full standard for your work.

Related hazards